17. From inside the war, the government advertised old-fashioned hair styles and you will styles for everyone its subjects; for girls, small, bowl-designed haircuts and you will loose-fitting, high-waisted monpe jeans (commonly used regarding country) was basically recommended as body gestures out-of austerity, modesty and you will family side service for the full combat energy. Getting a reason and you will research of wartime shojo depictions inside shojo zasshi, see Imada Erika, 2007, pp. 57–83. For descriptions of wartime style and you will hair styles having adult people, discover Wakakuwa, 2000 Wakakuwa, Midori . 2000 . Senso ga tsukuru joseizo: Dai niji sekai taisenka zero Nihon josei doin no shikakuteki puropaganda, Tokyo : Chikuma gakugei bunko . [Yahoo Pupil] and you can Atkins, 2005 Atkins, Jacqueline . 2005 . “ Luxury ‘s the challenger: Trend and you can fabrics inside the wartime The japanese, in the Jacqueline Atkins ”. Inside the Wear propaganda: Fabrics towards the household front in The japanese, The uk, and the Us, 1931–1945, 157 – 169 . The Retreat and you can London area : Yale College or university Press . [Bing Scholar] .
18. Tanabe, ‘Shojo shosetsu ni muchu datta koro’, off Bara no kobeya yori, reprinted inside the Honda, 1991 Honda, Masuko . 1991 . “ Senjika zero shojo zasshi, inside Otsuka Eiji ”. Into the Shojo zasshi ron, Tokyo : Tokyo shoseki . [Yahoo Beginner] , pp. 36–37.
19. Story out-of Young Lawn, the new interpreted Japanese term from Louisa Can get Alcott’s Absolutely nothing Female. New title Wakakusa Monogatari try accompanied if flick is actually shown from inside the The japanese into the 1934; before composed translations and you may changes regarding Alcott’s antique got some other titles.
20. Other styles away from shojo entertainment, specifically the newest Takarazuka Revue, will also have offered a model for the ideal kid having the type of new danso zero reijin[gorgeous woman inside male clothing], the brand new otokoyaku. Takarazuka not merely cultivated a dedicated shojo group of followers from wartime and postwar ages, however, try searched regularly in shojo zasshi, specifically Shojo zero tomo. To possess a description and you can historic/anthropological analysis of one’s Takarazuka Revue, find Robertson, 1998 Robertson, Jennifer . 1998 . [Crossref] , [Yahoo Pupil] .
21. As far back as the 1910s, teachers and you may moral advocates thought about motion picture theatres since breeding grounds for the furyo, or since the furyo’s bing search cause of its jogakusei subjects. Some girls’ universities put rigid criteria to your college students whom wished to sit-in flick theatres, otherwise blocked attendance outright. Get a hold of Inagaki, 2007 Inagaki, Kyoko . 2007 . Jogakko in order to jogakusei: kyoyo, tashinami, modan bunka, Tokyo : Chuo koron shinsha . [Bing 
Note: since the postcard respondent (or perhaps the editor) put yet another spelling (Wakagusa in lieu of Wakakusa), the quality spelling and you can enunciation was Wakakusa
twenty-two. The newest intimate overtones away from discussing a keen umbrella keeps prewar and you can early wartime precedents. Pick Kawabata Yasunari’s short-story, ‘Amagasa’ (Umbrella) away from 1932, which contains an excellent romantically energized world off one or two children sharing an umbrella. My personal as a result of Jan Bardsley getting citing which connection.
23. Discover ‘Civilizing “Degenerate” Students’, in the Ambaras, 2006 Ambaras, David . 2006 . Crappy youngsters: Teenager delinquency as well as the politics off lifestyle during the progressive Japan, Berkeley and Los angeles : College out of California Drive . [Google College student] , pp. 66–96.
twenty-four. The newest commission alter is short for data out of 1946–50 instead of 1936–forty (Lunden, 1953 Lunden, Walter A. 1953 . Juvenile delinquency for the Japan. Pre-combat, conflict, and you may article-combat decades . The new Diary out of Criminal Rules, Criminology, and Cops Science, 44(4): 428 – 432 . November-December [Crossref] , [Bing Student] , p. 430).
Really the only difference to the sex-segregated system out-of blog post-top studies about Meiji months with the wartime several months is the new coeducational Tokyo Musical College or university [Tokyo ongaku gakko]
seven. We evaluate these types of depictions in detail in the wartime section in my personal dissertation on the shojo zasshi:‘Every Women’s a phase: Representations away from Womanliness and you can Puberty when you look at the Japanese Girls’ Magazines, 1930s-1960s’ (PhD Dissertation, Stanford College or university, 2008).
16. Come across Inagaki, 2007 Inagaki, Kyoko . 2007 . Jogakko so you’re able to jogakusei: kyoyo, tashinami, modan bunka, Tokyo : Chuo koron shinsha . [Bing Beginner] , p. 207.